Consumer perceptions of risks of chemical and microbiological contaminants associated with food chains: a cross-national study

The development and implementation of effective systems to identify vulnerabilities in food chains to chemical and microbiological contaminants must take account of consumer priorities and preferences. The present investigation attempted to understand consumer perceptions associated with chemical and microbiological contaminants in four specific food chains (drinking water, farmed salmon, chicken and milk powder). To this end, ten focus group discussions were held in five different countries (Poland, Ireland, the Netherlands, France and Brazil). Consumers expressed higher concerns about chemical, as compared with microbial, contaminants. Chemical contaminants were more strongly associated with the potential for severe consequences, long-term effects and lack of personal control. Traceability was considered by consumers as a useful tool that offers the potential to improve consumer confidence in food safety.     

闽商与其它新商帮比较研究

经过30来年的改革开放与发展,我国目前已形成环渤海、长三角、珠三角三大经济发展活跃区域.在这些区域形成了一批新的商帮.本文对山东商帮、苏南商帮、浙江商帮、闽南商帮、珠三角商帮进行比较,分析闽商与其它新商帮之间的地域特征、文化特征、区域经济发展特征的异同.     

东周时期管子的经济思想

东周时期一向被认为是我国古代历史文明的光辉时代。由于当时社会大变革， 在政治思想领域出现了许多学派， 各自著书立说， 互相进行激烈争辨， 历史上称为百家争鸣。许多政治家的经济思想是很卓越的， 对后世影响很大。本文重点评述管子的经济思想     

信息弱势群体的信息行为现状及其援助——以新疆为例

在新疆,由于缺乏经济支持和必要的信息技术教育与培训,信息弱势群体的信息化技能低,不能充分享受信息技术发展带来的实惠。因此,要重视对新疆弱势群体的信息援助,使他们利用信息尽早地摆脱贫困,更好地生存和发展。这既是社会文明和进步的表现,也有利于新疆的稳定与和谐发展。     

Social identity, inequality and conflict

I extend the standard materialistic rational choice model of conflict to consider groups. In particular, I consider how the aggregate amount of conflict in society depends on which groups form and oppose each other. The study is motivated by empirical findings about the relationship between inequality, conflict and economic development. I focus on a salient comparison: ethnic groups vs. social classes. I show that, contrary to the conventional wisdom, class conflict is not necessarily worse than ethnic conflict. In fact, ethnic conflict is general worse when the distribution of income is more equal. I also investigate the impact of the fact that while ethnicity is immutable, since there is social mobility, class is not. I show that the direct impact of mobility of conflict is as conventionally believed, but that there are important indirect effects which make the net effect ambiguous. Received: June, 1998 / Accepted: November 22, 1999     

工业企业集团生态工程实施及其评价

工业企业集团实施生态工程是可持续发展战略的客观要求。工业企业集团作为有生命力的机体与外部存在生态关系，实施生态工程能增强集团活力，使企业集团主动适应外部环境。本文对集团生态工程的内涵、内容、指标体系、评价方法及动力机制等进行了探索     

关于我国政府绿色采购的探究

绿色采购源于绿色思想,绿色思想是对传统的片面追求经济增长做法的反思。绿色采购作为一种新的购买理念,因其具有突出的外部正效益特点,成为环保的有效手段。政府采购作为现代政府治理工具之一,也应向着与环境更友好、更和谐的方向发展。政府绿色采购因其具有规模大和政府示范的特点,成为引导和推动可持续发展的重要手段。     

就业难的背后——大学生“有业不就”现象的解读

就业困难而＂无业可就＂与部分大学生＂有业不就＂是当前社会关注的焦点。然而,＂有业不就＂所凸显的是就业环境的失范,＂有业不就＂其实是＂被有业不就＂。解决大学生＂有业不就＂的关键在于以提高大学生的就业能力为主线,以创新人才培养模式为前提,以国家合理调控为保障。     

弱势群体的界定及其犯罪特点分析

弱势群体犯罪是社会转型过程中出现的社会问题,弱势群体的形成是社会分层的结果。弱势群体的特殊地位,决定了此群体的犯罪在犯罪主体、犯错特点、犯罪原因等方面都不同于其他群体。明确界定弱势群体,深层次分析此群体的犯罪特点,对于控制和预防此类犯罪,具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

What determines multinational hotel groups’ locational investment choice in China?

China's hotel industry has been developed quickly from a small number of 137 only in 1978 to 14,237 in 2009. One of the main drivers of the rapid development of the hotel industry has been the expansion of multinational hotel groups (MHGs) into China. The purposes of this study are to analyze the factors that determine the location strategies of MHGs and to assess what factors determine MHG's investment strategies in regard to choice of location. The study finds that the market demand and market size measured by number of inbound tourists, tourist spending, and actual foreign direct investment, the business environment measured by GDP per capital, and dummy variables measured by policy and mega events are all significant factors in affecting MHG's locational choices for investment. These findings may provide some insights for MHG's future investment strategies in regard to location choice.